Table 4 The Main Themes and Subthemes.
From: A systematic review: unveiling the complexity of definitions in extremism and religious extremism
Themes | Belief | Behaviour | No universal definition | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sub-Themes | Uncompromised | Bias interpretation | Specific society | Violation of true teaching | - |
Pauwels & Hardyns (2018) | Â | Â | Â | x | x |
Rahman (2018) | x | Â | Â | x | Â |
Dawson (2019) | Â | Â | Â | Â | x |
Asal et al. (2020) | x | Â | Â | x | Â |
Bidova et al. (2020) | x | Â | Â | x | Â |
Breidlid (2021) | Â | Â | x | x | x |
Akhmetova et al. (2021) | Â | x | x | Â | x |
Riedel (2021) | Â | x | Â | Â | x |
Abdellatif (2022) | x | Â | Â | Â | Â |
al-Slaihat (2023) | Â | Â | x | Â | Â |
Saada (2023) | x | Â | Â | x | Â |
