Table 4 Results of non-spatial panel data models.

From: Exploring the effects of ICT on urbanization in China: evidence from a provincial spatial panel data model

Determinant

Pooled OLS

Spatial fixed effects

Time-period fixed effects

Spatial and time-period fixed effects

LM spatial lag

21.992***

63.924***

48.537***

64.943***

Robust LM spatial lag

1.504

6.496**

25.263***

14.323***

LM spatial error

77.037***

72.265***

23.328***

53.390***

Robust LM spatial error

56.550***

14.836***

0.054

2.770*

  1. ***p  < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p  < 0.10.
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