Fig. 5: Scenario simulation analysis diagram.

a-d Scenario simulation analyses for central and western cities, old industrial bases, resource cities, and cities with a low degree of jurisdictional competitiveness during the period from 2007 to 2022, respectively.The different colors of the sectors represent different governance strategies, with red sectors representing pollution reduction as the priority strategy, blue sectors representing carbon reduction as the priority strategy, green sectors representing synergistic priority strategies, and orange sectors representing the baseline scenario. The size of the different colored sectors indicates the number of times the strategy was used as the optimal strategy during the time period. The largest portion of the sector shows the city’s optimal situation in realizing the synergistic effect of reducing emissions and carbon.