Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

Advertisement

Humanities and Social Sciences Communications
  • View all journals
  • Search
  • My Account Login
  • Content Explore content
  • About the journal
  • Publish with us
  • Sign up for alerts
  • RSS feed
  1. nature
  2. humanities and social sciences communications
  3. articles
  4. article
Green well-being: a study on the impact of ESG perception on subjective well-being
Download PDF
Download PDF
  • Article
  • Open access
  • Published: 13 February 2026

Green well-being: a study on the impact of ESG perception on subjective well-being

  • Datian Bi1,
  • Weixin Huang1 &
  • Yanli Hu1 

Humanities and Social Sciences Communications , Article number:  (2026) Cite this article

  • 761 Accesses

  • 1 Altmetric

  • Metrics details

We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors present which affect the content, and all legal disclaimers apply.

Subjects

  • Environmental studies
  • Health humanities

Abstract

Enhancing residents’ subjective well-being (SWB) is a central objective of sustainable development. Using four waves of data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) covering 2016–2022, this study introduces an innovative framework to examine the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance perception (ESGP) on SWB. Employing a two-way fixed effects model, the analysis reveals a significant positive association between ESGP and SWB, which remains robust across multiple checks. The results further indicate that ESGP improves SWB primarily through two mediating mechanisms: enhancing perceived social fairness and increasing satisfaction with government performance. While outdoor physical activity exerts a significant positive influence on SWB, it does not function as a key mediator in the ESGP–SWB linkage. Heterogeneity analysis shows that age does not significantly moderate the ESGP–SWB relationship, whereas urban residents exhibit stronger effects than their rural counterparts. At the regional level, the influence of ESGP is most pronounced in economically advanced areas, following the order: eastern > central > western > northeastern regions. Overall, this study contributes to the literature by extending knowledge on the determinants of well-being and providing empirical evidence on how residents shape their happiness through perceptions of environmental, social, and governance conditions.

Similar content being viewed by others

Can high-speed rail increase the residents’ subjective well-being? Evidence from China

Article Open access 11 August 2025

The influence of civil society’s economic status on environmental protection behaviors from the perspective of environmental sociology

Article Open access 06 July 2025

Global effects of progress towards Sustainable Development Goals on subjective well-being

Article 08 February 2024

Data availability

The main data used in this study are derived from the public database of CFPS (China Family Panel Studies) and the research reports published by the Institute for Sustainable Development Goals, Tsinghua University. Additional auxiliary data used in this study come from the National Bureau of Statistics and the CNRDS (China National Research Data Services) database. The URLs are: https://opendata.pku.edu.cn/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.18170/DVN/45LCSO (CFPS). [https://thusdg.tsinghua.edu.cn/yj1/xmcg.htm](https:/thusdg.tsinghua.edu.cn/yj1/xmcg.htm) (Research Reports). https://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=E0101 (National Bureau of Statistics). https://www.cnrds.com/Home/Login. (CNRDS).

References

  • Ahmad R, Nawaz MR, Ishaq MI, Khan MM, Ashraf HA (2023) Social exchange theory: Systematic review and future directions. Front Psychol 13: 1015921. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1015921

    Google Scholar 

  • Alnafrah I, Belyaeva Z (2024) The nonlinear road to happiness: Making sense of ESGD impacts on well-being. Struct Chang Econ Dyn 70:365–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2024.05.002

    Google Scholar 

  • Alvarez AS, Vicente MR (2023) Going “beyond the GDP” in the digital economy: exploring the relationship between internet use and well-being in spain. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 10:582. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02110-1

    Google Scholar 

  • Andereck KL, Valentine KM, Knopf RC, Vogt CA (2005) Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts. Ann Tour Res 32(4):1056–1076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2005.03.001

    Google Scholar 

  • Barber LK, Rupprecht EA, Munz DC (2014) Sleep Habits May Undermine Well-Being through the Stressor Appraisal Process. J Happiness Stud 15(2):285–299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-013-9422-2

    Google Scholar 

  • Blau P (1986) Exchange and Power in Social Life (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203792643

  • Brereton F, Clinch JP, Ferreira S (2008) Happiness, geography and the environment. Ecol Econ 65(2):386–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.07.008

    Google Scholar 

  • Busseri MA, Sadava SW (2011) A Review of the Tripartite structure of subjective well-being: implications for conceptualization, operationalization, analysis, and synthesis. Pers Soc Psychol Rev 15(3):290–314. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868310391271

    Google Scholar 

  • Cao Y, Mi W, Zhang R (2024) Provincial ESG performance in China: Evolution trends and the role of environmental regulation. Environ Impact Assess Rev 107: 107570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2024.107570

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen LJ, Zhang JL, You Y (2020) Air pollution, environmental perceptions, and citizen satisfaction: a mediation analysis. Environ Res 184: 109287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109287

    Google Scholar 

  • Ciziceno M, Travaglino GA (2019) Perceived corruption and individuals’ life satisfaction: the mediating role of institutional trust. Soc Indic Res 141(2):685–701. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1850-2

    Google Scholar 

  • Clair R, Gordon M, Kroon M, Reilly C (2021) The effects of social isolation on well-being and life satisfaction during pandemic. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 8:28. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00710-3

    Google Scholar 

  • Coon JT, Boddy K, Stein K, Whear R, Barton J, Depledge MH (2011) Does participating in physical activity in outdoor natural environments have a greater effect on physical and mental wellbeing than physical activity indoors? A systematic review. Environ Sci Technol 45(5):1761–1772. https://doi.org/10.1021/es102947t

    Google Scholar 

  • Cropanzano R, Mitchell MS (2005) Social exchange theory: an interdisciplinary review. J Manag 31(6):874–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602

    Google Scholar 

  • Dias FT, de Aguiar Dutra AR, Vieira Cubas AL, Ferreira Henckmaier MF, Courval M, Osorio De Andrade Guerra JBS (2023) Sustainable development with environmental, social and governance: Strategies for urban sustainability. Sustain Dev 31(1):528–539. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2407

    Google Scholar 

  • Diener E (1984) Subjective well-being. Psychol Bull 95(3):542–575. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542

    Google Scholar 

  • Diener E, Emmons RA, Larsen RJ, Griffin S (1985) The satisfaction with life scale. J Pers Assess 49(1):71–75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13

    Google Scholar 

  • Diener E, Oishi S, Tay L (2018) Advances in subjective well-being research. Nat Hum Behav 2(4):253–260. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-018-0307-6

    Google Scholar 

  • Diener E, Suh EM, Lucas RE, Smith HL (1999) Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychol Bull 125(2):276–302. 10.1037//0033-2909.125.2.276

    Google Scholar 

  • Dong L, Jiang HC, Li WJ, Qiu B, Wang H, Qiu WS (2023) Assessing impacts of objective features and subjective perceptions of street environment on running amount: a case study of Boston. Landsc Urban Plan 235: 104756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104756

    Google Scholar 

  • Easterlin RA, Mcvey LA, Switek M, Sawangfa O, Zweig JS (2010) The happiness-income paradox revisited. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107(52):22463–22468. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1015962107

    Google Scholar 

  • Ekici T, Koydemir S (2014) Social Capital, Government and Democracy Satisfaction, and Happiness in Turkey: a Comparison of Surveys in 1999 and 2008. Soc Indic Res 118(3):1031–1053. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-013-0464-y

    Google Scholar 

  • Henrysson M, Swain RB, Swain A, Nerini FF (2024) Sustainable development goals and wellbeing for resilient societies: shocks and recovery. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 11:1513. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03973-8

    Google Scholar 

  • Holy-Hasted W, Burchell B (2022) Does public space have to be green to improve well-being? An analysis of public space across Greater London and its association to subjective well-being. Cities 125: 103569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2022.103569

    Google Scholar 

  • Homans GC (1958) Social-behavior as exchange. AJS 63(6):597–606. https://doi.org/10.1086/222355

    Google Scholar 

  • Hu QQ, Feng YH, Xu MR (2021) Are there Heterogeneous Impacts of Air Pollution on Mental Health?. Front Public Health 9: 780022. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.780022

    Google Scholar 

  • Isik C, Ongan S, Islam H, Pinzon S, Jabeen G (2024) Navigating sustainability: Unveiling the interconnected dynamics of ESG factors and SDGs in BRICS-11. Sustain Dev 32(5):5437–5451. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2977

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwasaki M (2023) Social preferences and well-being: theory and evidence. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 10:342. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01782-z

    Google Scholar 

  • Jia CJ, Wu LF, Ma L, Qiu WS (2025) The moderating influence of safety on green space’s health benefits in Chinese urban communities. J Environ Manag 375: 124232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124232

    Google Scholar 

  • Knight J, Song LN, Gunatilaka R (2009) Subjective well-being and its determinants in rural China. China Econ Rev 20(4):635–649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2008.09.003

    Google Scholar 

  • Konovsky MA, Pugh SD (1994) Citizenship behavior and social-exchange. Acad Manag J 37(3):656–669. https://doi.org/10.5465/256704

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawton E, Brymer E, Clough P, Denovan A (2017) The Relationship between the Physical Activity Environment, Nature Relatedness, Anxiety, and the Psychological Well-being Benefits of Regular Exercisers. Front Psychol 8:01058. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01058

    Google Scholar 

  • Li F, Zhou T (2020) Effects of objective and subjective environmental pollution on well-being in urban China: a structural equation model approach. Soc Sci Med 249: 112859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112859

    Google Scholar 

  • Li Y, Guan DB, Yu YN, Westland S, Wang DO, Meng J, Wang XJ, He KB, Tao S (2019) A psychophysical measurement on subjective well-being and air pollution. Nat Commun 10(1):5473. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13459-w

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu B, Qi C, Xue B, Yang Z (2025) Measuring urban–rural integration through the lenses of sustainability and social equity: Evidence from China. Habitat Int 165: 103559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2025.103559

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu FQ, Lu Y, Song QW, Qiu WS, Liu DW (2025) The association of subjective physical disorder and pedestrian volume: a big urban data and machine-learning approach. Comput Environ Urban Syst 122: 102348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102348

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu NN, Zhong QK (2023) The impact of sports participation on individuals’ subjective well-being: the mediating role of class identity and health. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 10:544. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02064-4

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu RG, Nagao H, Hatungimana W (2024) Economic performance and good governance: Examining the role of economic well-being in local governance evaluation in China. J Chin Gov 9(2):153–172. https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2024.2310437

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu W, Li JJT, Chen J (2024) Voting participation in grassroots elections and rural residents’ subjective well-being in China: the mediation roles of social class and fairness. Anal Soc Issues Public Policy 24(3):1189–1207. https://doi.org/10.1111/asap.12411

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma J, Dong G, Chen Y, Zhang W (2018) Does satisfactory neighbourhood environment lead to a satisfying life? An investigation of the association between neighbourhood environment and life satisfaction in Beijing. Cities 74:229–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.12.008

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma JZ, Guo B, Yu YH (2022) Perception of official corruption, satisfaction with government performance, and subjective wellbeing-an empirical study From China. Front Psychol 13: 748704. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.748704

    Google Scholar 

  • Mu R (2022) Perceived relative income, fairness, and the role of government: Evidence from a randomized survey experiment in China. China Econ Rev 73: 101784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2022.101784

    Google Scholar 

  • Nie P, Li Q, Sousa-Poza A (2021) Energy poverty and subjective well-being in China: New evidence from the China Family Panel Studies. Energy Econ 103: 105548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105548

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson M, Griggs D, Visbeck M (2016) Map the interactions between sustainable development goals. Nature 534(7607):320–322. https://doi.org/10.1038/534320a

    Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen LH, Fitzgibbons S, Pomorski L (2021) Responsible investing: the ESG-efficient frontier *. J financ econ 142(2):572–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2020.11.001

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu WS, Li WJ, Liu X, Zhang ZY, Li XJ, Huang XK (2023) Subjective and objective measures of streetscape perceptions: Relationships with property value in Shanghai. Cities 132: 104037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2022.104037

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu WS, Zhang ZY, Liu X, Li WJ, Li XJ, Xu X, Huang XK (2022) Subjective or objective measures of street environment, which are more effective in explaining housing prices?. Landsc Urban Plan 221: 104358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104358

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryan RM, Deci EL (2001) On happiness and human potentials: a review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annu Rev Psychol 52:141–166. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryff CD (1989) Happiness is everything, or is it - explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol 57(6):1069–1081. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069

    Google Scholar 

  • Safizadeh M, Marzbali MH, Abdullah A, Tilaki M (2024) Integrating space syntax and CPTED in assessing outdoor physical activity. Geogr Res 62(2):309–330. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-5871.12639

    Google Scholar 

  • Samus A, Freeman C, van Heezik Y, Krumme K, Dickinson KJM (2022) How do urban green spaces increase well-being? The role of perceived wildness and nature connectedness. J Environ Psychol 82: 101850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2022.101850

    Google Scholar 

  • Shanahan DF, Franco L, Lin BB, Gaston KJ, Fuller RA (2016) The benefits of natural environments for physical activity. Sports Med 46(7):989–995. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0502-4

    Google Scholar 

  • Shen G, Yang X, Huang J, Fang J, Wu S, Tang J, Wu L, Wei W, Zhen Y, Chen L (2025) Interplay of social integration, well-being, and fairness in older migrant workers: a four-year longitudinal analysis. Popul Health Metr 23(1):47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12963-025-00411-y

    Google Scholar 

  • Shi JG, Liu ML, Fu GQ, Dai XY (2023) Internet use among older adults: Determinants of usage and impacts on individuals’ well-being. Comput Hum Behav 139: 107538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107538

    Google Scholar 

  • Sibley CG, Greaves LM, Satherley N, Wilson MS, Overall NC, Lee CHJ, Milojev P, Bulbulia J, Osborne D, Milfont TL, Houkamau CA, Duck IM, Vickers-Jones R, Barlow FK (2020) Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and nationwide lockdown on trust, attitudes toward government, and well-being. Am Psychol 75(5):618–630. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000662

    Google Scholar 

  • Tay L, Herian MN, Diener E (2014) Detrimental effects of corruption and subjective well-being: whether, how, and when. Soc Psychol Personal Sci 5(7):751–759. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550614528544

    Google Scholar 

  • Vu MH, Nguyen TH (2023) The role of environmental, social, and governance responsibilities and economic development on achieving the SDGs: evidence from BRICS countries. Ekon Istraz 36(1):1338–1360. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2022.2086598

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang J, Zhang J (2025) Impact of social fairness perception on sense of social security in China’s COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating role of political trust. Front Psychol 16: 1525343. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1525343

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei BH, Zhao CK, Luo MZ (2024) Online markets, offline happiness: E-commerce development and subjective well-being in rural China. China Econ Rev 87: 102247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2024.102247

    Google Scholar 

  • White MP, Alcock I, Wheeler BW, Depledge MH (2013) Would you be happier living in a greener urban area? A fixed-effects analysis of panel data. Psychol Sci 24(6):920–928. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797612464659

    Google Scholar 

  • Wicks C, Barton J, Orbell S, Andrews L (2022) Psychological benefits of outdoor physical activity in natural versus urban environments: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 14(3):1037–1061. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12353

    Google Scholar 

  • Winkelmann R (2009) Unemployment, social capital, and subjective well-being. J Happiness Stud 10(4):421–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-008-9097-2

    Google Scholar 

  • Xian Z, Nakaya T, Liu K, Zhao B, Zhang JH, Zhang J, Lin YX, Zhang JG (2024) The effects of neighbourhood green spaces on mental health of disadvantaged groups: a systematic review. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 11:488. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-02970-1

    Google Scholar 

  • Xie Y, Hu JW (2014) An Introduction to the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Chin Socio Rev 47(1):3–29. https://doi.org/10.2753/CSA2162-0555470101

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu HP, Zhang CQ, Huang YW (2023) Social trust, social capital, and subjective well-being of rural residents: micro-empirical evidence based on the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS). Humanit Soc Sci Commun 10:49. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01532-1

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang M, Zou YX (2025) Assessing environmental determinants of subjective well-being via machine learning approaches: a systematic review. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 12:828. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05234-8

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang Y, Cai H, Yang Z, Zhao X, Li M, Han R, Chen SX (2022) Why does nature enhance psychological well-being?a Self-Determination account. J Environ Psychol 83: 101872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2022.101872

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang GL, Xiong Y, Sun GZ, Ren YY, Zhang LG, Zhang N (2025) Can high-speed rail increase the residents’ subjective well-being? Evidence from China. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 12:1301. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05692-0

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X, Zhang XB, Chen X (2017) Happiness in the air: How does a dirty sky affect mental health and subjective well-being?. J Environ Econ Manag 85:81–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2017.04.001

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao QL, He YH, Wang YK, Li WJ, Wu LF, Qiu WS (2024) Investigating the civic emotion dynamics during the COVID-19 lockdown: Evidence from social media. Sustain Cities Soc 107: 105403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105403

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research did not receive funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Bussiness and Management,Jilin University, Changchun, China

    Datian Bi, Weixin Huang & Yanli Hu

Authors
  1. Datian Bi
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Weixin Huang
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yanli Hu
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

B.D.T.: Conceptualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing. H.W.X.: Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis. H.Y.L.: Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Weixin Huang.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethical approval

This study is a secondary analysis of de-identified, publicly available data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), a longitudinal survey of human participants administered by Peking University. In the early waves, including the 2010 baseline and 2012 wave, CFPS was conducted under Peking University’s institutional review and project-level oversight in place at that time. In 2014, ethical oversight was centralized under the Peking University Biomedical Ethics Committee, which issued the unified approval number IRB00001052-14010 and has renewed this approval annually for all subsequent CFPS waves. The present study adheres to the principles outlined in the WMA Declaration of Helsinki and the CIOMS International Ethical Guidelines. This study relies on the CFPS database(publicly available, de-identified data) and involves no additional human participants; thus, no additional ethical review is required.

Informed consent

For the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), written informed consent was obtained from all participants by trained interviewers immediately before each face-to-face interview during the fieldwork period of each survey wave. For the waves used in this study, the fieldwork periods were as follows: CFPS 2016: July 1, 2016–May 31, 2017. CFPS 2018: June 5, 2018–May 31, 2019. CFPS 2020: July 1, 2020–December 31, 2020. CFPS 2022: May 1, 2022–December 31, 2022. Informed consent was obtained during the corresponding fieldwork periods for each survey wave. Participants aged ≥15 years provided their own consent, and legal guardians provided consent on behalf of minors (<15 years). All signed consent forms, including the exact calendar date of signature for each respondent, are archived at Peking University’s Institute of Social Science Survey with wave-specific identifiers and are not accessible to secondary data users. Therefore, the exact signature dates of individual consent forms are not available to secondary data users. The project execution period aligns with the informed consent collection period for each wave. For further details on the informed consent process, please refer to the official CFPS WeChat public account. This study relies solely on the publicly available, de-identified CFPS database and involves no additional contact with human participants; therefore, no new informed consent procedures were required.

Additional information

Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bi, D., Huang, W. & Hu, Y. Green well-being: a study on the impact of ESG perception on subjective well-being. Humanit Soc Sci Commun (2026). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-06364-9

Download citation

  • Received: 22 March 2025

  • Accepted: 24 November 2025

  • Published: 13 February 2026

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-06364-9

Share this article

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:

Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.

Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

Download PDF

Advertisement

Explore content

  • Research articles
  • Reviews & Analysis
  • News & Comment
  • Collections
  • Follow us on X
  • Sign up for alerts
  • RSS feed

About the journal

  • Journal Information
  • Referee instructions
  • Editor instructions
  • Journal policies
  • Open Access Fees and Funding
  • Calls for Papers
  • Events
  • Contact

Publish with us

  • For authors
  • Language editing services
  • Open access funding
  • Submit manuscript

Search

Advanced search

Quick links

  • Explore articles by subject
  • Find a job
  • Guide to authors
  • Editorial policies

Humanities and Social Sciences Communications (Humanit Soc Sci Commun)

ISSN 2662-9992 (online)

nature.com sitemap

About Nature Portfolio

  • About us
  • Press releases
  • Press office
  • Contact us

Discover content

  • Journals A-Z
  • Articles by subject
  • protocols.io
  • Nature Index

Publishing policies

  • Nature portfolio policies
  • Open access

Author & Researcher services

  • Reprints & permissions
  • Research data
  • Language editing
  • Scientific editing
  • Nature Masterclasses
  • Research Solutions

Libraries & institutions

  • Librarian service & tools
  • Librarian portal
  • Open research
  • Recommend to library

Advertising & partnerships

  • Advertising
  • Partnerships & Services
  • Media kits
  • Branded content

Professional development

  • Nature Awards
  • Nature Careers
  • Nature Conferences

Regional websites

  • Nature Africa
  • Nature China
  • Nature India
  • Nature Japan
  • Nature Middle East
  • Privacy Policy
  • Use of cookies
  • Legal notice
  • Accessibility statement
  • Terms & Conditions
  • Your US state privacy rights
Springer Nature

© 2026 Springer Nature Limited