Table 1 Resolution of the ocean and atmosphere components of CMIP6 and KCM models used in this study.

From: Future changes in atmospheric synoptic variability slow down ocean circulation and decrease primary productivity in the tropical Pacific Ocean

Model

Ocean

Atmosphere

ACCESS-CM2

360 × 300 (1° with refinement in the tropics)

192 × 144 (N96)

AWI-CM-1-1-MR

Unstructured

384 × 192 (T127)

BCC-CSM2-MR

360 × 232 (1° with refinement to 0.3° in the tropics)

320 × 160 (T106)

CanESM5

361 × 290 (1° with refinement to 0.3° in the tropics)

128 × 64 (T63)

CMCC-CM2-SR5

362 × 292 (1° with refinement to 0.3° in the tropics)

288 × 192

EC-Earth3

362 × 292 (1° with refinement to 0.3° in the tropics)

512 × 256 (linearly reduced T255)

EC-Earth3-Veg

362 × 292 (1° with refinement to 0.3° in the tropics)

512 × 256 (linearly reduced T255)

GFDL-CM4

1440 × 1080 (0.25°)

360 × 180 (1°)

GFDL-ESM4

720 × 576 (0.5°)

360 × 180 (1°)

IITM-ESM

360 × 200 (1°)

192 × 94 (linearly reduced T62)

INM-CM4–8

360 × 318 (1° with refinement in the tropics)

180 × 120 (2° × 1.5°)

INM-CM5-0

720 × 720 (0.5° × 0.25°)

180 × 120 (2° × 1.5°)

IPSL-CM6A-LR

362 × 332 (1°)

144 × 143 (N96)

KACE-1-0-G

360 × 200 (1°)

192 × 144 (N96)

KIOST-ESM

360 × 200 (1°)

192 × 96 (Cubed sphere C48)

MIROC6

360 × 256 (1°)

256 × 128 (T255)

MPI-ESM1-2-HR

802 × 404 (0.4°)

384 × 192 (T127)

MPI-ESM1-2-LR

256 × 220 (1.5°)

192 × 96 (T63)

MRI-ESM2-0

360 × 364 (1° with refinement 10°S–10°N up to 0.3°)

320 × 160 (linearly reduced T159)

NESM3

384 × 362 (1° x 0.5°)

192 × 96 (T63)

KCM

182 × 149 (2° with refinement to 0.5° in the tropics)

768 × 384 (T255)