Fig. 4: Time series of various aerosol hygroscopicity (κ) values and their comparisons.

a Time series of daily-mean κ values derived by NCCN in column A at SS of 0.2% (κccn,0.2%,A), NCCN in column B at SS of 0.2% (κccn,0.2%,B), dry and wet median diameter (κg), volume concentration (κv), and scattering coefficient of aerosol (κf); b Relationships among the five κ values; c Statistical mean value and one standard deviation of the five κ. The error bar represents one standard deviation.