Fig. 8: Hygroscopic behaviors of 100 nm internally mixed particles composed of NaCl and water-soluble organic acids at an equal mass ratio.

a NaCl–oxalic acid (OA), b NaCl–malonic acid (MA), c NaCl–succinic acid (SA), and d NaCl–OA–MA. ZSR–predicted curves based on solid or liquid OA (data from Mikhailov et al. 12) assumption are indicated by orange solid and dashed lines, respectively. The blue solid lines represent predicted curves from E-AIM. Hygroscopic growth factors of NaCl–OA particles with an equal mass ratio are also shown in hollow squares for comparison in the panel (d). Reproduced with permission from Peng et al. 47. Copyright 2016 American Chemical Society.