Fig. 4: Formation and propagation of oligomers. | npj Climate and Atmospheric Science

Fig. 4: Formation and propagation of oligomers.

From: An alcohol-governed mechanism of monocarbonyl oligomerization: implications for explosive growth of fine particulate matter

Fig. 4

a The OAL oligomerization mechanism to tetramers and pentamers includes CB formation and nucleophilic association, with both dead and living oligomers formed. b The tetramerization and pentamerization of HAL include CB formation and nucleophilic association, with all resulting oligomers exhibiting living characters. Dead and living oligomers are marked in pinkish-red and light blue regions, respectively. The numbers above arrows denote the corresponding reaction energies (in unit of kcal mol−1) for each reaction step.

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