Fig. 9: Causal effect networks of identified factors influencing South Asian MAM temperature anomalies during two historical periods. | npj Climate and Atmospheric Science

Fig. 9: Causal effect networks of identified factors influencing South Asian MAM temperature anomalies during two historical periods.

From: Recent changes in spatiotemporal patterns of heat extremes in South Asia

Fig. 9

Causal effect networks are shown for a 1960–1989 and b 1990–2019. The nodes of the network represents identified atmospheric subprocesses and are denoted by colored circles. Directed links between nodes indicate statistically significant causal influences, with colors representing the strength of the influence (measured by Momentary Conditional Independence, MCI). Numbers on the links denote the time lag in weeks. Node colors reflect the strength of self-influence (auto-MCI), while link colors denote the magnitude of causal impact between subprocesses.

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