The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) regulates important aspects of RNA metabolism and goes through nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation in response to cellular stress. A study in Biology Open investigated whether ethanol (EtOH), a known cellular stressor, alters hnRNP A1 localization in neuronal cells and adolescent rat brains. In vitro, acute EtOH exposure increased extranuclear hnRNP A1 localization in hippocampal- and hypothalamic-derived neuronal rat cell lines, suggesting a stress-induced trafficking response. However, repeated binge-pattern EtOH exposure in adolescent rats did not produce the same effect in vivo. Further data showed that acetate, a primary EtOH metabolite, did not induce hnRNP A1 trafficking in neuronal cells, suggesting that EtOH metabolism in vivo may buffer this stress response. Additionally, significant sex differences in hnRNP A1 abundance were observed in the peripubertal rat brain. These findings highlight a disconnect between in vitro and in vivo EtOH responses and suggest that EtOH metabolism and sex may influence hnRNP A1-mediated RNA regulation during adolescence.
Original reference: Fan, A.H.S. et al. Biol. Open 14, bio062010 (2025)
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