Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies on immune checkpoint inhibitors for R/M-NPC
From: Immunotherapy for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Study | Study design | Population | Experimental arm | Dosing regimen | Sample size (n) | Mean age (years) | Male n/(%) | Outcome measures | Median PFS (months) | Median OS (months) | Any AEs n (%) | High grade AEs n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hsu 2017 | Non-Randomize, multicohort, phase Ib trial | R/M-NPC | pembrolizumab | 10 mg/kg was administered intravenously once every 2 weeks for 24 months | 27 | 52 | 21 (77.8%) | CR, PR, SD, PD; ORR, DCR | 6.5 (95% CI: 3.6–13.4) 6-month PFS rate, 50.0% 1-year PFS rate, 33.4% | 16.5 (95% CI: 10.1 to not reached) 6-month OS rate 85.2% 1-year OS rate 63.0% | 20 (74.1%) | 8 (29.6%) |
Ma 2018 | Retrospective cohort | R/M-NPC | Nivolumab | 3 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks on a 4-week cycle | 45 | 57 | 35 (77.8%) | CR, PR, SD, PD; ORR, DCR | 2.8 (95% CI: 1.8–7.4) 1-year PFS rate, 19.3% | 17.1 (95% CI: 10.9 to not reached) 1-year OS rate, 59% | NS | NS |
Fang 2018 | Single-arm, phase 1 trials | R/M-NPC | Camrelizumab | The prespecified doses of 1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg, intravenously over 30 min once every 2 weeks | 93 | 45 | 75 (81%) | CR, PR, SD, PD; ORR, DCR | 5.6 (95%CI: 3.3–7.9) 6-month PFS rate, 48.2% 1-year PFS rate, 27.1% | NS | 90 (97%) | 8 (9%) |
Ma 2019 | Single arm trial 1/2 | R/M-NPC | Nivolumab | 3 mg/kg, once every 2 weeks | 32 | NS | N.S | CR, PR,SD, PD; ORR, DCR | NS | NS | 22 (69%) | 1 (3%) |
Sato H 2020 | Retrospective cohort | R/M-NPC | Nivolumab | 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks,and subsequently 240 mg every 2 weeks | 12 | 58 | 10 (83.3%) | CR, PR, SD, PD; ORR, DCR | NS | NS | 8 (66.7%) | 1 (8.3%) |
Shen 2020 | Retrospective cohort | R/M-NPC | Tislelizumab | Tislelizumab 200 mg once every 3 weeks | 21 | NS | N.S | CR, PR, SD, PD; ORR, DCR | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Kim 2020 | Retrospective cohort | R/M-NPC | Nivolumab | 200 mg Pembrolizumab once every 3 weeks | 8 | 47.4 | N.S | CR, PR, SD, PD; ORR, DCR | NS | N.S | NS | NS |
Wang 2021 | Single-arm, phase II Study | R/M-NPC | Toripalimab | 3 mg/kg once every 2 weeks via intravenous infusion | 190 | 46.4 | 158 (83.2%) | CR, PR, SD, PD; ORR, DCR | 1.9 (95% CI: 1.8–3.5) | 17.4 (95%CI: 11.7- 22.9) | 141 (74.2%) | 27 (14.2%) |
Yang 2021 | Single-arm, phase II Study | R/M-NPC | Camrelizumab | 200 mg intravenously every 2 weeks on 4-week treatment cycles | 156 | 48 | 124 (79.5%) | CR, PR, SD, PD ORR, DCR | 3.7 (95% CI: 2.0–4.1) | 17.4 (95%CI: 15.2-21.9) | 155 (99.4%) | 52 (33.3%) |
Even 2021 | Randomized Controlled, phase II Study | R/M- NPC | Spartalizumab | 400 mg every 4 weeks in 28-day cycles | 82 | 51 | 68 (82.9%) | CR, PR, SD, PD; ORR, DCR | 1.9 (95% CI: 1.8–3.6) | 25.2 (95% CI: 13.1 to NE) | 59 (72.0%) | 14 (17.1%) |
Jin 2021 | Non-randomised hypothesis generatings | R/M-NPC | Anti-PD1 checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy | 200 mg Camrelizumab on Day 1 every 2/3 weeks, 240 mg Toripalimab on day 1 every 3 weeks, 200 mg Penpulimab on day 1 every 2 weeks or 200 mg Tisleizumab on day 1 every 3 weeks | 41 | <60: 73.2% ≥ 60: 26.8% | 28 (68.3%) | CR, PR, SD, PD; ORR, DCR | NS | NS | 41 (100%) | 6 (14.6%) |
Jung 2022 | Single-arm, phase II Study | R/M-NPC | Nivolumab plus gemcitabine | nivolumab (3 mg/kg) and gemcitabine (1250 mg/m2) every 2 weeks | 36 | 50.5 | 30 (83.3%) | CR, PR, SD, PD; ORR, DCR | 6-month PFS rate, 70.3% 1-year PFS rate, 60.5% | 6-month OS rate, 97.0% 1-year OS rate, 87.7% | NS | 2 (5.6%) |
