Fig. 6: Flowchart of the study design.

A Main analyses including trans-ancestry TWAS, colocalization and conditional analyses were conducted to identify significant susceptibility genes for CRC. B Functional annotation of variants within TWAS-identified loci and in vitro (overexpression and knockdown) and in vivo experiments were performed to further characterize the underlying biological mechanisms involved in CRC development. C Drug sensitivity test was carried out to seek clinical application of TWAS findings for future CRC treatment.