Fig. 3: Anti-tumor effects of radiation on CAR immune cells.
From: Enhancing adoptive cell therapy: future strategies for immune cell radioprotection in neuro-oncology
This figure summarizes the anti-tumor impacts of radiation on CAR T, NK, γδ, iNKT, and macrophage cells. Radiation may illicit an immune response via a variety of mechanisms, including upregulation of tumor antigen presentation and increased cytokine release. TAA: tumor associated antigen; CAR: chimeric antigen receptor; GzmB: granzyme B; PFN: perforin; PPA: phosphoantigen; LRP1: low-density lipoprotein receptor 1; MHC I: major histone compatibility complex I; IFNγ: interferon gamma; TNFα: tumor necrosis factor alpha; Chmk: chemokines; CRT: calreticulin; CTL: cytotoxicity T lymphocyte; CD: cluster of differentiation; MICA/B: MHC class I chain-related protein A and B; TCR: T cell receptor; iTCR: invariant T cell receptor.
