Fig. 2: Classified cells for PD-L1 QCS PMSTC calculation and correlation analysis of stain intensities against visual cell categorization.

a Example of PD-L1 QCS application with cell positivity classification at SI = 40 threshold. Cells overlaid in green are considered negative (lower SI than the threshold), while overlaid orange cells are considered positive (SI equal or larger than the threshold). The SI value is derived from the segmented epithelial cell membrane, depicted in red in the middle overlay. b Analysis of PD-L1 QCS at various SI thresholds against visual assessment of the percentage of positive cells classified according to 1+, 2+, 3+ scheme in the CP1108 dataset using the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). Vertical bars indicate the maximum CCC obtained at an SI threshold (SI = 15 for cells classified ≥ 1+ or ≥2+, SI = 100 for 3+).