Fig. 3: The synthesis of MXenes from MAX phase by NaOH etching.
From: Recent advances of MXenes as electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction

a–d The NaOH etching of Ti3AlC2 under different temperatures and NaOH concentrations. e The Ti3C2TX products under different hydrothermal treatment conditions. f SEM, g TEM, and h HAADF-STEM characterizations of the Ti3C2TX flakes. The bright spots in h indicate Ti atoms54. Copyright 2018, WILEY-VCH.