Fig. 1
From: Wearable sensors for monitoring the physiological and biochemical profile of the athlete
Mouthguard biosensor for the continuous monitoring of metabolites from saliva. a Mouthguard biosensor with the integrated printable electrodes. The Prussian Blue working electrode is coated with the PPD-LOX layer for salivary lactate monitoring. b Testing of the mouthguard biosensor from (a) in human saliva showed that the device responded favorably to changes in lactate level with a correlation coefficient of 0.988. c Testing of the mouthguard biosensor from (a) to untreated human saliva over a 2-h period demonstrated a highly stable response. The good stability is reflective of the PPD coating against co-existing fouling constituents. d Salivary uric acid biosensor with a wireless amperometric circuit board. Chemically modified Prussian-Blue carbon comprised the working electrode. The amperometric printed circuit board (PCB) was the size of a 1 cent coin. e Translational utility of the mouthguard demonstrated the ability of the device to measure salivary uric acid levels over a 5-h period in a healthy volunteer (black) vs. that of a patient with hyperuricemia (black). Figures were reproduced with permission from Kim et al.14 (a–c) and Kim et al. (d, e).15
