Table 1 Description of the characteristics of the patient cohort included in the training and test sets and the mean and interquartile range statistics of the raw vital signs and laboratory test results used for COVID-GBM.
Characteristic | Training set | Test set |
|---|---|---|
Patients, n | 2943 | 718 |
Admissions, n | 3175 | 764 |
Sex (females), n (%) | 1206 (41.0) | 305 (42.5) |
Age (years)*, mean (SD) | 61.9 (17.6) | 64.7 (17.4) |
BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 29.6 (6.7) | 29.4 (7.3) |
Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 83.1 (22.2) | 82.2 (23.1) |
Survived | 2405 | 559 |
Adverse events, n | 1311 | 369 |
Intubation, n (%) | 386 (29.4) | 97 (26.3) |
ICU admission, n (%) | 387 (29.5) | 113 (30.6) |
Mortality, n (%) | 538 (41.0) | 159 (43.1) |
Chest X-ray exams, n | 5224 | 770 |
Composite outcome within 24 h, n (%) | 349 (6.7) | 74 (9.6) |
Composite outcome within 48 h, n (%) | 553 (10.6) | 101 (13.1) |
Composite outcome within 72 h, n (%) | 735 (14.1) | 130 (16.9) |
Composite outcome within 96 h, n (%) | 876 (16.8) | 156 (20.3) |
Total number of images, n | 5617 | 832 |
Vital signs feature sets, n units | 10,640 | 2776 |
Heart rate, beats per minute | 93.7 (25.0) | 93.5 (27.0) |
Respiratory rate*, breaths per minute | 22.4 (7.0) | 23.4 (7.0) |
Temperature, ∘F | 99.4 (1.9) | 99.4 (1.9) |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 130.7 (30.0) | 129.8 (29.3) |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 75.9 (17.0) | 76.0 (18.0) |
Oxygen saturation*, % | 94.1 (4.0) | 93.8 (5.0) |
Provision of supplemental oxygen*, n (%) | 3970 (37.3) | 1166 (42.0) |
Raw laboratory test results, units | ||
Albumin, g/dL | 3.5 (0.9) | 3.5 (0.9) |
Alanine transaminase, U/L | 49.8 (32.0) | 52.2 (36.0) |
Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L | 67.3 (37.0) | 69.7 (43.0) |
Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 0.7 (0.4) | 0.7 (0.4) |
Blood urea nitrogen, mg/dL | 25.9 (17.0) | 26.4 (18.0) |
Calcium, mg/dL | 8.7 (0.8) | 8.7 (0.8) |
Chloride, mEq/L | 101.1 (7.0) | 101.6 (7.0) |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.6 (0.7) | 1.6 (0.7) |
D-dimer, ng/mL | 1321.6 (535.5) | 1146.3 (618.5) |
Eosinophils, % | 0.4 (0.0) | 0.4 (0.0) |
Eosinophils, n | 0.03 (0.00) | 0.03 (0.00) |
Hematocrit, % | 38.9 (7.3) | 38.9 (7.5) |
Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 412.8 (207.0) | 404.0 (213.0) |
Lymphocytes, % | 14.1 (10.0) | 14.9 (11.0) |
Lymphocytes, n | 1.0 (0.7) | 1.0 (0.7) |
Platelet volume, fL | 10.6 (1.4) | 10.6 (1.4) |
Neutrophils, n | 6.4 (4.0) | 6.3 (3.8) |
Neutrophils, % | 76.6 (14.0) | 75.9 (13.0) |
Platelet, n | 226.1 (114.0) | 223.7 (103.0) |
Potassium, mmol/L | 4.2 (0.8) | 4.2 (0.8) |
Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 1.9 (0.3) | 1.9 (0.4) |
Total protein, g/dL | 7.1 (1.1) | 7.2 (1.0) |
Sodium, mmol/L | 136.2 (6.0) | 136.6 (7.0) |
Troponin, ng/mL | 0.2 (0.1) | 0.2 (0.1) |
