Table 1 Description and categorization of the feature set.
From: Passive detection of COVID-19 with wearable sensors and explainable machine learning algorithms
Feature category | Feature description | Total COVID-19 individual tests | Number of individuals | Fitbit users [%] | Available days median [IQR] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Symptoms features | Fatigue | 1149 | 1091 | — | — |
Headache | 1104 | 1061 | — | — | |
Difficulty breathing | 208 | 206 | — | — | |
Diarrhea or vomiting | 378 | 368 | — | — | |
Decrease in taste smell | 247 | 247 | — | — | |
Cough | 892 | 859 | — | — | |
Fever chills or sweating | 660 | 645 | — | — | |
Congestion Or runny nose | 1152 | 1097 | — | — | |
Neck pain | 409 | 396 | — | — | |
Body aches | 823 | 795 | — | — | |
Sore throat | 973 | 922 | — | — | |
Stomach ache | 312 | 302 | — | — | |
Sensor features (activity) | Total number of daily steps | 9348 | 6983 | 82% | 673 [507–707] |
Total daily distance traveled on foot | 9281 | 6938 | 82% | 676 [554–708] | |
Calories burned from periods above sedentary level | 7629 | 5679 | 100% | 676 [554–708] | |
Calories burned inclusive of BMR | 8279 | 6142 | 100% | 676 [554–708] | |
Minutes spent fairly active | 7291 | 5450 | 100% | 676 [554–708] | |
Minutes spent sedentary | 8196 | 6082 | 100% | 676 [554–708] | |
Minutes spent very active | 7171 | 5370 | 100% | 676 [554–708] | |
Minutes spent lightly active | 7628 | 5678 | 100% | 676 [554–708] | |
Sensor features (Heart) | Daily resting heart rate | 9105 | 6810 | 81% | 492 [341–653] |
Maximum daily heart rate variability | 1812 | 1407 | 0% | 363 [185–499] | |
Minimum daily heart rate variability | 1812 | 1407 | 0% | 363 [185–499] | |
Average daily heart rate variability | 1812 | 1407 | 0% | 363 [185–499] | |
Sensor features (Sleep) | Total daily sleep time | 7473 | 5603 | 94% | 445 [240–629] |
Total daily time spent in bed | 7473 | 5603 | 94% | 445 [240–629] | |
Sleep efficiency of the main sleep | 7473 | 5603 | 94% | 445 [240–629] | |
Sleep time of the main sleep | 7473 | 5603 | 94% | 445 [240–629] | |
Anthropometrics | Body mass index | 8478 | 6303 | — | — |
Self-reported height | 1673 | 1277 | — | — | |
Body weight | 9240 | 6896 | — | — | |
Body fat percentage | 4594 | 3431 | — | — | |
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) only calories | 8279 | 6142 | — | — | |
Demographic features | Self-reported gender | 10,494 | 7853 | — | — |
Age at the time of test | 10,479 | 7841 | — | — |
