Fig. 4: The relationship between ECG-K⁺ and Lab-K⁺ on adverse outcomes in combined analysis from both hospitals.

A The Kaplan–Meier curve analysis of all-cause mortality in hypo- and hyperkalemia as defined by ECG-K⁺ and Lab-K⁺. The hazard ratio (HR) was adjusted by hospital site; (B) Continuous association of ECG-K⁺ and Lab-K⁺ on adverse outcomes. The solid line and dashed line are point estimation and corresponding 95% conference interval, respectively. The baseline model of combined analysis is adjusted to each hospital site and based on Cox proportional hazard model or logistic regression as appropriate for each outcome. The multivariable analyses include significant variables in risk-effect analyses (All-cause mortality: gender, Age, SBP, DBP, HLP, Hb, HCO₃, Blood pH, Na, AST, ALT, Alb, CRP, pBNP, and D-dimer; Hospitalization: gender, age, BMI, DBP, smoke, HLP, STK, HF, WBC, Hb, PLT, HCO₃, PH, Na, Cl, tCa, GLU, AST, CK, Alb, CRP, TnI, and D-dimer; ED revisits in 30 days: gender, DM, CAD, STK, COPD, Hb, and Na).