Table 2 Scores for PROs collected in the study.

From: Objective wearable measures correlate with self-reported chronic pain levels in people with spinal cord stimulation systems

 

Score

PRO

Baseline In Clinic

Baseline In App

3-month In Clinic

3-month In App

6-month In Clinic

6-month In App

NRS

7.2 ± 0.8 (n = 15)

6.6 ± 1.5 (n = 15)

3.1 ± 1.8 * (n = 14)

3.5 ± 2.1 ** (n = 15)

3.3 ± 2.1 * (n = 15)

3.4 ± 1.9 * (n = 10)

PGIC

N/A

N/A

5.7 ± 1.4a (n = 14)

5.1 ±  1.9a (n = 8)

5.0 ± 1.7a (n = 15)

4.8 ± 2.0a (n = 10)

PCS

25.2 ± 11.5 (n = 15)

26.9 ± 10.6 (n = 14)

13.5 ± 11.9 * (n = 14)

10.1 ± 8.8 * (n = 10)

18.5 ± 15.9 (n = 15)

14.0 ± 11.7 * (n = 10)

PHQ-9

N/A

10.5 ± 5.6 (n = 14)

N/A

4.0 ± 3.6 (n = 7)

N/A

4.8 ± 3.8 (n = 9)

ODI

51.6 ± 15.8 (n = 15)

56.0 ± 15.9 (n = 13)

32.0 ± 16.9 * (n = 14)

29.8 ± 20.6 * (n = 9)

34.7 ± 18.0 * (n = 14)

33.5 ± 20.1 * (n = 9)

PR-29 - Physical Function

33.5 ± 4.5 (n = 15)

32.5 ± 3.9 (n = 14)

40.4 ± 6.6 * (n = 13)

33.1 ± 6.7 (n = 8)

41.9 ± 8.5 * (n = 15)

32.4 ± 4.9 (n = 8)

PR-29 - Social Roles

38.1 ± 6.3 (n = 15)

37.4 ± 6.5 (n = 15)

47.0 ± 7.8 * (n = 13)

47.9 ± 9.9 * (n = 10)

46.6 ± 10.2 (n = 15)

44.8 ± 10.9 (n = 10)

PR-29 - Depression

51.7 ± 7.0 (n = 15)

56.9 ± 8.5 (n = 15)

51.3 ± 7.1 (n = 13)

50.3 ± 7.2 (n = 10)

50.7 ± 8.9 (n = 15)

52.7 ± 10.2 (n = 10)

PR-29 - Anxiety

50.5 ± 17.8 (n = 15)

55.5 ± 16.1 (n = 15)

45.1 ± 18.5 (n = 13)

38.7 ± 17.2 (n = 10)

41.7 ± 18.9 (n = 15)

39.6 ± 18.9 (n = 10)

PR-29 - Fatigue

60.3 ± 6.6 (n = 15)

61.5 ± 7.1 (n = 15)

53.1 ± 8.11 * (n = 13)

50.6 ± 5.6 * (n = 10)

54.4 ± 10.9 * (n = 15)

52.8 ± 9.3 (n = 10)

PR-29 - Sleep Disturbance

58.7 ± 7.2 (n = 15)

55.7 ± 3.7 (n = 15)

50.8 ± 8.3 * (n = 13)

49.8 ± 3.1 * (n = 10)

49.2 ± 10.4 * (n = 15)

50.0 ± 3.8 * (n = 10)

PR-29 - Pain Interference

67.9 ± 6.1 (n = 15)

68.2 ± 5.7 (n = 15)

59.3 ± 8.3 * (n = 13)

57.1 ± 8.3 * (n = 10)

58.2 ± 8.4 * (n = 15)

60.0 ± 10.7 (n = 10)

  1. Scores are shown as mean ± standard deviation (Number of participants); The significance is calculated using the two-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test on median values for in-app data throughout that month and every single value for in-clinic data; The asterisk shows the statistically significant differences (*p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.001).
  2. NRS numerical rating scale, PR-29 patient-reported outcomes measurement information system 29, PCS pain catastrophizing scale, PHQ-9 patient health questionnaire-9, ODI Oswestry disability index, PGIC patient global impression of change, SD standard deviation.
  3. aThe categorical values of PGIC are shown as numbers from 1 to 7 (low improvement to high improvement).
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