Fig. 7: Grad-CAM interpretation of DL-binary predictions.

Grad-CAM heat mapping showing areas of highest activation for a control and case prediction made on the knee DXA images. The regions of the map with the darkest color (purple) represent areas that were less informative in the prediction, while lighter colors (yellow) indicate regions of the image that informed the ‘case’ or ‘control’ prediction the most. We find areas of highest activation are most often on the medial side of the knee joint.