Fig. 5: Display of typical images from the SDEDS image dataset.

During community eye disease screenings, photographs are often taken by trained general practitioners or nurses under non-darkroom and non-dilated conditions, resulting in image quality that contrasts sharply with those taken by professional optometrists or ophthalmologists in ophthalmic clinical institutions under darkroom and dilated conditions. SDEDS Shanghai Digital Eye Diseases Screening Program, CFPs colourful fundus photographs, AMD age-related macular degeneration, PM pathological myopia, DR diabetic retinopathy.