Fig. 2: The funnel plot visualises the distribution of standard errors for primary studies included in the overall effects meta-analysis.
From: A meta-analysis of persuasive design, engagement, and efficacy in 92 RCTs of mental health apps
Blue dots represent individual studies, while dashed lines indicate the 95% pseudo-confidence intervals. The estimated overall effect size (observed studies only) is shown as a dashed line, and the estimated effect size with imputed studies (if any) is shown as a solid black line. The plot appears symmetrical, and trim-and-fill analyses identified no imputed studies, suggesting limited evidence of publication bias in the meta-analysis.
