Table 2 FL scope and oncology area examined per study

Data privacy

Breast

^19,30,33,36

Lung

^14,21

Prostate

²²

Multi-cancer

²³

Domain adaptation

Multi-cancer

²⁴

ML prediction improvement

Breast

^{15,17,19,30,34,36}

Lung

^20,21,35

Prostate

²²

Multi-cancer

^18,23,29

Multi-disease

³⁸

Disease understanding improvement

Breast

^15,32

ML model generalisability

Breast

¹⁹

Lung

^{16,20,25,27,28,35}

Prostate

^22,26,37

Multi-cancer

^23,24

Multi-disease

^31,38

Training time reduction

Lung

²¹