Fig. 5: Three distinct categories for the 40 frequently misclassified SPMS patients.

The p-values for the RRMS and the SPMS from the CP were plotted (on the left side), and the corresponding schema of how the patients were categorized (on the right side). a Categorized based on the presence of increasing SPMS p-values from the beginning of their earliest recorded clinical visits. b An inflection point marked by a rapid decrease in RRMS p-values was identified and established as the baseline time point. This category resembles Category 1 but with additional prior clinical data. c Category in which no clear pattern emerged from our analysis.