Fig. 5: Flowchart to stratify patients benefitting from each ablation strategy.

Fibrosis assessment could be useful for properly stratifying patients benefitting from PWI or wider PVI. FE fibrosis entropy, FF fibrosis fraction, LA left atrium, LAPW LA posterior wall, LGE-MRI late gadolinium enhancement-magnetic resonance imaging, PsAF persistent atrial fibrillation, PVI pulmonary vein isolation, PWI LAPW isolation.