Table 2 Phenotype interpretation

Overeating Cluster	Psychological Factors	Contextual Factors	Phenotype Name	Energy intake mean (SD) (kCal)	Cluster size (purity score (%))	Proportion of overeating instances	Entropy	Silhouette
Cluster 1		Restaurant-sourced meal ⁽⁺⁾ Social dining experience ⁽⁺⁾ Socializing ⁽⁺⁾ In-restaurant dining ⁽⁺⁾ Light refreshment ⁽⁻⁾ In-home dining ⁽⁻⁾ solo dining ⁽⁻⁾	“Take-out Feasting”	1006.53 (378.11)	71 (100%)	0.19	0.00	0.68
Cluster 2	Perceived overeating ⁽⁺⁾ Hedonic eating ⁽⁺⁾	Social dining experience ⁽⁺⁾ Restaurant-sourced meal ⁽⁺⁾ In-restaurant dining ⁽⁺⁾ Light refreshment ⁽⁻⁾ Socializing ⁽⁺⁾ Night eating ⁽⁺⁾ Solo dining ⁽⁻⁾	“Evening Restaurant Reveling”	1154.89 (445.87)	64 (95.31%)	0.17	0.19	0.77
Cluster 3	Pre-meal biological hunger ⁽⁺⁾ Desire for food ⁽⁺⁾	Night eating ⁽⁺⁾ Self-prepared meal ⁽⁺⁾ work/school dining ⁽⁻⁾ Light refreshment ⁽⁻⁾	“Evening Craving”	1024.96 (434.18)	132 (85.61%)	0.31	0.41	0.42
Cluster 4	Perceived overeating ⁽⁺⁾ Loss of control (LOC) ⁽⁺⁾ Hedonic eating ⁽⁺⁾	Task-oriented distractions ⁽⁺⁾ Socializing ^(-)	“Uncontrolled Pleasure Eating”	1100.70 (434.11)	50 (78%)	0.11	0.53	0.67
Cluster 5	Perceived overeating ⁽⁺⁾ Pre-meal stress ⁽⁺⁾ Post-meal stress ⁽⁺⁾ Pre-meal emotion (lonely) ⁽⁺⁾	Night eating ⁽⁺⁾	“Stress-driven Evening Nibbling”	1360.44 (433.44)	56 (48.21%)	0.07	0.69	0.43

This table presents a detailed breakdown of the identified overeating phenotypes. It includes information on psychological and contextual factors associated with each cluster, proposed phenotype names, mean energy intake, cluster size and purity score, proportion of overeating instances, entropy, and silhouette score for each cluster.

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