Fig. 4: Performance and Statistical Analysis of GPT-4o-Powered Framework in Assigning Global CDR.

Normalized confusion matrices for three GPT-4o-based approaches in cognitive impairment staging: a GPT-4o with Structured Guidance, b RAG-Enabled GPT-4o, and c GPT-4o with Confidence Level and Domain Counts; each matrix shows the proportion of actual vs. predicted CDR scores within each row, with darker colors indicating higher proportions. Rows are normalized to sum to 1. d Multi-Metric Evaluation of Model Performance for Assigning Global CDR: Table summarizing model performance across multiple evaluation metrics—Cohen’s kappa score, Spearman’s Rank Correlation, and Baccianella’s adapted MSE. e Association Between CDR Domains and GPT-4o Confidence Levels in Assigning Global CDR: Table showing the statistical association between CDR domains (binary variable indicating documentation of domain in the note) and GPT-4o confidence levels (Medium, High) in assigning global CDR. β coefficients indicate the effect size of the association of each domain with standard errors and p-values.