Table 1 Patient characteristics at baseline
From: A GPT-4o-powered framework for identifying cognitive impairment stages in electronic health records
(a) Dataset for Classification of CI Stage | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Cognitive Impairment Stage | |||
Total N = 814 | CU (Normal) N = 528 (64.9%) | MCI N = 62 (7.6%) | Dementia N = 224 (27.5%) | |
Age (Mean and SD) | 76.9 (7.5) | 74.8 (6.5) | 76.8 (6.3) | 82.1 (7.5) |
Sex | ||||
Female | 482 (59.2%) | 302 (57.2%) | 30 (48.4%) | 150 (67.0%) |
Male | 332 (40.8%) | 226 (43%) | 32 (52%) | 74 (33%) |
Race | ||||
Asian | 6 (0.7%) | 4 (0.8%) | 1 (1.6%) | 1(0.4%) |
Black or African American | 22 (2.7%) | 12 (2.3%) | 3 (4.8%) | 7 (3.1%) |
Other | 10 (1.2%) | 8 (1.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.9%) |
White | 758 (93.1%) | 496 (93.9%) | 54 (87.1%) | 208 (92.9%) |
Unavailable or Not Reported | 3 (0.4%) | 1 (0.2%) | 2 (3.2%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Ethnicity | ||||
Hispanic or Latino | 11 (1.4%) | 8 (1.5%) | 1 (1.6%) | 2 (0.9%) |
Not Hispanic or Latino | 740 (90.9%) | 484 (91.7%) | 56 (90.3%) | 200 (89.3%) |
Unavailable or Not Reported | 63 (7.7%) | 36 (6.8%) | 5 (8.1%) | 22 (9.8%) |
Education | ||||
High School or Less | 225 (27.6%) | 124 (23.5%) | 16 (25.8%) | 85 (37.9%) |
Some College | 44 (5.4%) | 33 (6.2%) | 4 (6.5%) | 7 (3.1%) |
College | 295 (36.2%) | 202 (38.3%) | 22 (35.5%) | 71 (31.7%) |
Graduate or More | 107 (13.1%) | 74 (14.0%) | 9 (14.5%) | 24 (10.7%) |
Unavailable or Not Reported | 142 (17.4%) | 95 (18.0%) | 11 (17.7%) | 37 (16.5%) |
(b) Dataset for Assignment of Global CDR | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Global CDR Score | |||||
Total N = 769 | 0 N = 38 (5%) | 0.5 N = 267 (35%) | 1 N = 218 (28%) | 2 N = 179 (23%) | 3 N = 67 (9%) | |
Age (Mean and SD) | 77.9 (8.0) | 72.3 (9.5) | 76.6 (7.5) | 78.3 (7.7) | 80.2 (7.4) | 79.1 (8.6) |
Sex | ||||||
Female | 397 (51.6%) | 21 (55.3%) | 111 (41.6%) | 120 (55.0%) | 109 (60.9%) | 36 (53.7%) |
Male | 372 (48.4%) | 17 (44.7%) | 156 (58.4%) | 98 (45.0%) | 70 (39.1%) | 31 (46.3%) |
Race | ||||||
American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Asian | 6 (0.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.4%) | 2 (0.9%) | 2 (1.1%) | 1 (1.5%) |
Black or African American | 11 (1.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.7%) | 3 (1.4%) | 4 (2.2%) | 2 (3.0%) |
Other | 2 (0.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.5%) |
White | 285 (37.1%) | 15 (39.5%) | 95 (35.6%) | 69 (31.7%) | 75 (41.9%) | 31 (46.3%) |
Unknown or Not Reported | 464 (60.3%) | 23 (60.5%) | 168 (62.9%) | 143 (65.6%) | 98 (54.7%) | 32 (47.8%) |
Ethnicity | ||||||
Hispanic or Latino | 23 (3.0%) | 1 (2.6%) | 4 (1.5%) | 8 (3.7%) | 5 (2.8%) | 5 (7.5%) |
Not Hispanic or Latino | 245 (31.9%) | 10 (26.3%) | 80 (30.0%) | 63 (28.9%) | 64 (35.8%) | 28 (41.8%) |
Unknown or Not Reported | 501 (65.1%) | 27 (71.1%) | 183 (68.5%) | 147 (67.4%) | 110 (61.5%) | 34 (50.7%) |
Education | ||||||
High School or Less | 171 (22.2%) | 6 (15.8%) | 42 (15.7%) | 57 (26.1%) | 49 (27.4%) | 17 (25.4%) |
College | 91 (11.8%) | 2 (5.3%) | 33 (12.4%) | 26 (11.9%) | 23 (12.8%) | 7 (10.4%) |
Graduate or More | 131 (17.0%) | 11 (28.9%) | 48 (18.0%) | 26 (11.9%) | 30 (16.8%) | 16 (23.9%) |
Unknown or Not Reported | 376 (48.9%) | 19 (50.0%) | 144 (53.9%) | 109 (50.0%) | 77 (43.0%) | 27 (40.3%) |
