Fig. 5: Tryptophan metabolism plays a critical role in the immune microenvironment of ATC. | npj Digital Medicine

Fig. 5: Tryptophan metabolism plays a critical role in the immune microenvironment of ATC.

From: Developing a thyroid cancer differentiation state classification system using deep residual networks and metabolic signature profiling

Fig. 5

ATC up-regulates the kynurenine arm of tryptophan metabolism, reshaping immune-stromal interactions within the tumor microenvironment. a Pathway diagrams revealing the dedifferentiation-specific regulatory genes and metabolites involved in tryptophan metabolism. Squares present the average abundances and expression in different tumor types. Uncharacterized metabolites and mRNAs are not included in this diagram. TDO2 and kynurenine were significantly upregulated in ATC, whereas DDC was markedly downregulated in ATC. b Volcano plot showing differentially expressed genes between samples with high and low Try/Kyn ratios. c Bar chart of pathway enrichment analysis for differentially expressed genes. d Scatter plots showing the expression levels of KYNU and TDO2 across various cell types. e UMAP plots depicting the spatial expression patterns of KYNU and TDO2 in single-cell RNA sequencing data, highlighting their localization within specific regions of the tumor microenvironment. f Elevated expression of KYNU and TDO2 was particularly observed in specific immune and stromal cell populations.

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