Fig. 4: Estimated effects of African urbanization by 2050 when compared with different SSP baseline scenarios.
From: African food system and biodiversity mainly affected by urbanization via dietary shifts
a, Rice-specific parameters. b, General parameters. Purple bars indicate demand effect; orange bars indicate expansion effect. Grey shading indicates a relative net urban impact smaller than 0.5%. For a detailed description of these effects and how they were quantified, see Methods.
