Fig. 3: Community-based surveillance achieves broad protection at lower costs than alternative models.
From: Community-based management expands ecosystem protection footprint in Amazonian forests
a, The area (in hectares, log10 scale) and spatial scale of protection implemented by Amazonian rural communities in pirarucu co-management along the Juruá River. b, The protection costs (US$ per hectare per year) borne by these communities, including estimated costs under three alternative scenarios: (1) using two lake guards per community at local daily wages, (2) hiring two guards under Brazilian labour regulations and (3) hiring two environmental agents deployed by a government agency. Each boxplot summarizes data from 14 communities protecting a total of 96 lakes. Boxes represent the interquartile range (interquartile range (IQR) 25th to 75th percentiles), the horizontal line inside each box indicates the median and whiskers extend to the most extreme values within 1.5× IQR from the box. Points beyond this range are shown as individual outliers.
