Extended Data Fig. 8: Power loss normalized to the electrode surface for a PET-FR3 oil stack as a function of frequency.
From: Electrostatic actuators with constant force at low power loss using matched dielectrics
The loss factor and the capacitance were measured by dielectric spectroscopy, subjecting the stack to a 0.5 kV sinusoidal signal in the frequency range 50–200 Hz, hence the power loss at 0.5 kV was calculated. For higher voltage amplitudes, the power loss was extrapolated from the 0.5 kV data.
