Extended Data Fig. 9: Measured current through BP-FR3 oil stacks.
From: Electrostatic actuators with constant force at low power loss using matched dielectrics

Experiments were performed in the setup from Supplementary Fig. 8. a, The stacks were subject to four consecutive voltage steps of 1, 3, 5 and 7 kV, each with a duration of 1 day and constant magnitude. b, Measured current on a logarithmic timescale for each voltage step. c, Measured current on a 4-day timeline. d, Power loss normalized to electrode surface at the beginning of each HV step (at 10 s) – yellow line, and after 24 h – purple line.