Fig. 4

Differential expression of tRNAs at the amino acid level and functional consequences. a tRNAs differentially expressed at the amino acid level across different cancer types. Tomato denotes up-regulation; dark cyan denotes down-regulation. X-axis represents 15 cancer types with > 5 tumor-normal paired miRNA-seq samples. Circles denote tRNAs with expression alterations. b Scatter plot for Spearman's correlation between amino acid O/E ratio and tRNA expression alterations at the amino acid level across 15 cancer types. Significant correlations are highlighted in red. c Unequal expression alterations of detectable tRNA at gene, codon, and amino acid levels. Outer, middle, and inner circles denote the tRNA level, codon level, and amino acid level, respectively. The angle subtended by each cell is scaled by the number of tRNA genes. Different shapes denote different cancer types. Red, magenta, and tomato denote significant up-regulation (fold-change  ≥ 1.5, FDR < 0.05) at the tRNA level, codon level, and amino acid level, respectively; blue, cyan, and dark cyan denote significant down-regulation at tRNA, codon, and amino acid levels, respectively. Yellow denotes no significant difference. Cancer types were denoted in different shapes. The figure was drawn by R package circlize