Table 1 Relative abundance of lignin inter-unit linkages and LCC linkages using 13C-1H HSQC NMR analysis

From: Downregulation of pectin biosynthesis gene GAUT4 leads to reduced ferulate and lignin-carbohydrate cross-linking in switchgrass

Structures

WT

2A

2B

4A

Ar%

Ar%

Ar%

Ar%

Inter-unit linkages

  β-aryl ether (β-O-4)

47.8 (3.8)

42.1 (1.3)

38.0 (3.0)

36.9 (2.4)

  Phenylcoumaran (β-5)

7.7 (0.7)

6.4 (0.2)

6.0 (0.5)

6.0 (1.1)

  Resinols (β-β)

0.5 (0.0)

0.5 (0.2)

0.8 (0.2)

0.8 (0.1)

LCC

  Phenyl glycoside

3.4 (0.1)

2.1 (0.2)*

2.4 (0.1)*

0.9 (0.1)**

  γ-esters

12.3 (2.2)

11.0 (2.0)

6.3 (0.0)*

9.9 (0.8)

  1. WT wild-type, 2A, 2B, and 4A transgenic switchgrass lines, Ar% relative content over 100 aromatic subunits (S + G + H), (value) standard deviation
  2. * p value <0.05
  3. ** p value <0.001 by Student’s t test of biologically duplicate values
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