Fig. 3

Ancestral state inference of key residues in LFY genes based on the newly resolved family phylogeny. The ancestral state of the three key amino acids were inferred and labeled on the corresponding nodes. Type I, type II, and promiscuous type LFY genes were depicted as yellow, blue, and purple branches, respectively. Two different simplified tree topologies were assumed considering the phylogenetic uncertainty of promiscuous type genes from Osmunda, where they were placed as sister to type I plus type II genes in maximum-likelihood analyses (a–c) or sister to the hornwort promiscuous genes in Bayesian analyses (d–f)