Fig. 2
Morphological dynamics of E. coli in response to cefsulodin. a Schematic representation of the cell morphology changes induced by the β-lactam antibiotic cefsulodin. Cells lyse rapidly when exposed to cefsulodin. Lysis is typically preceded by bulge formation at the potential division site. b Cell membrane and c cell wall deformations in cells under the action of cefsulodin. Cell membranes are stained with the FM1-84 dye and the cell wall is visualized using the wheat germ agglutinin tetramethylrhodamine conjugate. Time stamps (in minutes) indicate the time after cells are seeded on cefsulodin containing agar pads. Scale bars correspond to 2 μm. The experiment was performed once
