Fig. 4

The compression-induced promotion of glycolysis in cancer-associated fibroblasts is associated with the upregulation of ENO2, HK2, and PFKFB3 genes. a The heatmap clustering analysis of glycolysis-related genes. The genes were sorted from the transcriptome profiling data based on Amigo 2 database, and then clustered by Multiple Array Viewer (MeV, version 4.9.0). b The relative signal intensities of ENO2, HK2, and PFKFB3 genes in the cells exposed to different degrees of compressive stress. The signal intensity values of the genes were obtained from the transcriptome profiling data. c The compression-induced upregulation of ENO2, HK2, and PFKFB3 mRNAs. Total RNA was extracted from the CAF cells exposed to 0.773 kPa for 1 day, reverse-transcribed, and then analyzed using real-time PCR (n = 9 independent experiments). d The compression-induced promotion of lactate production. CAF cells were exposed to the corresponding compressive stress for 1 day (n = 6 independent experiments). e The decreased production of lactate by gene knockdown. CAF cells were transfected with the shRNAs against ENO2, HK2, or PFKFB3 gene (n = 3 independent experiments). f The effect of gene knockdown on the compression-induced promotion of lactate production. CAF cells were transfected with the shRNAs against ENO2, HK2, or PFKFB3 gene, and then exposed to 0.773 kPa (n = 3 independent experiments). Error bars and p-values were determined by Whiskers (Min to Max) and unpaired two-tailed t-test, respectively. CS and IR are the abbreviation of compressive stress and intensity ratio, respectively. Source data are provided as Supplementary Data 1