Fig. 3

Urethane anesthesia decreases the temporal tuning selectivity of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. a Click trains (temporal modulation frequency: 2–1024 Hz) are used to characterize the temporal tuning. Repetition rate is 30 Hz. Inter-stimulus interval (ISI) is 2 s. b Snippets of a fluorescent change (black trace) of one inhibitory neuron during wakefulness when stimulated with click trains (color bars). The neuronal response was phase locked to the onset of sound stimuli (vertical dotted lines), but their magnitude depends on the specific modulation frequency. c Example temporal tuning curves of four inhibitory neurons during wakefulness. Responses are sorted with increasing temporal modulation frequency. All tuning curves are normalized to the same maximum values. d Example temporal tuning curves of four inhibitory neurons during urethane anesthesia. The half-width corresponds to the number of modulation frequency at half-peak amplitude. The area corresponds to the summarized responses below the tuning curve. Only the half-width and area of band-pass tuning curves are included for the following analysis. The low-pass (first one) and high-pass (last one) tuning curves are demonstrated but are not analyzed. e Tuning area and half-width of excitatory neurons during urethane anesthesia (blue) and wakefulness (red). f Tuning area and half-width of inhibitory neurons. Urethane anesthesia: 6 FOVs of 4 Vglut2-Cre mice and 5 FOVs of 4 VGAT-Cre mice. Wakefulness: 14 FOVs of 6 Vglut2-Cre mice and 13 FOVs of 6 VGAT-Cre mice