Fig. 4

Locomotion enhances or suppresses the spontaneous activities of inhibitory neurons. a Locomotion (red) and stationary (blue) periods. b Example fluorescent traces of seven inhibitory neurons during locomotion and stationary periods. Gray shading indicates bouts of locomotion. Spontaneous activities of the first four neurons are enhanced by locomotion, whereas the last three neurons are suppressed by locomotion. c Spontaneous activities (2 s prior to locomotion and 6 s after locomotion) are plotted for the 30 individual running trials (color map) and averaged (black lines). Vertical gray bars show onsets of locomotion. d Across the populations, the spontaneous activities of 54% and 46% of inhibitory neurons are significantly enhanced and suppressed by locomotion, respectively (n = 102 neurons from 4 FOVs of 4 mice). L locomotion, S stationary. e Individual inhibitory neurons are highly correlated with locomotion. The thin gray lines are the cross-correlation curves of all recorded inhibitory neurons of the same FOV. The thick black curve is the average of all gray curves. f Strong pairwise correlations among the inhibitory neurons are observed during locomotion