Fig. 3

Cortical excitability, slow wave energy, and brain structural integrity. a Positive association between CEP and cumulated frontal NREM SWE in the lower range (0.5–1 Hz) during habitual sleep (n = 60; F1,55 = 4.72, p = 0.03, R²β* = 0.08). b Positive association between CEP and cumulated frontal NREM SWE in the higher range (1.25–4 Hz) during habitual sleep (n = 60; F1,55 = 4.40, p = 0.04, R²β* = 0.07). c No significant association was found between NREM SWE (0.5–1 Hz range) and whole-brain amyloid-beta burden (n = 60; F1,53 = 1.85, p = 0.18). Panel c is presented to allow comparison with the previous published version of the manuscript. Simple regressions were used only for a visual display and do not substitute the GLMM outputs. Dotted lines represent 95% confidence interval of these simple regressions.