Fig. 1: Flow chart of the present study.

The study sample came from the UKB cohort. After QC, 450,243 self-reported white participants were eligible for analysis. The two sex groups were analyzed separately and then were combined for a meta-analysis. A series of in-depth analyses, including heritability enrichment, gene and gene sets enrichment, genetic correlation, Mendelian randomization, and polygenic risk score profiling were performed to uncover the genetic architecture of the trait.