Fig. 6: SmBV-encoded microRNAs as regulators in host immune responses. | Communications Biology

Fig. 6: SmBV-encoded microRNAs as regulators in host immune responses.

From: MicroRNAs from Snellenius manilae bracovirus regulate innate and cellular immune responses of its host Spodoptera litura

Fig. 6

Upon the parasitism of wasp S. manilae to its host S. litura, the symbiotic SmBV integrates viral DNA into the host genome in hemocytes, and subsequently expresses miR-199b-5p and miR-2989 that inhibit signal transductions in JAK/STAT and Toll pathways, respectively. These suppressions indirectly block the function of STAT and Dif, alongside AMP synthesis inhibition, resulting in decreased immunity in plasmatocytes and increased pupation rate of the wasp larvae in the host.

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