Fig. 2: Relationships between zooplankton biomass and phytoplankton biomass, and between H/P mass ratio and photosynthetic active radiation.

Biplots of zooplankton biomass (μg C L⁻¹) and phytoplankton biomass (mg C L⁻¹) (a) and H/P mass ratio and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR, mol photon m⁻² d⁻¹) (b) in the water column during the experiment in no-shade (blue), low-shade (orange), mid-shade (red), and high-shade (gray) treatments in pond 217 (circles) and 218 (squares). In each panel, small symbols denote values at each sampling date, and large symbols denote the mean values among the sampling dates. Bars denote standard errors on the means (n = 7 sampling date in each section). Correlation coefficients (r) with p values between the mean values are inserted in each panel.