Fig. 3: Millisecond activation of ChR-tdT-expressing primate RGCs.

a Spike density function for all responsive electrodes (n = 66) of one retina treated with for 5 × 10¹¹ vg in response to stimuli of increasing duration (1–5–20–200 ms, and 2 s, left to right with different colors) and constant light intensity (2 × 10¹⁷ photons cm⁻² s⁻¹, 600 nm ± 10 nm). b Mean maximal firing rate ± SEM measured for retinas treated with 5 × 10¹¹ vg/eye for all tested stimuli duration and constant light intensity (n = 6). c Horizontal box plot displaying time from the onset of stimulation to the first spike, as a function of stimulus duration. Recordings from the different retinas are pooled, such that each electrode has the same weighting. Medians are displayed as an open circle, box edges indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles, whiskers extend to the maximum and minimum, and outliers are plotted individually. d Cumulative plot of maximal firing rate per electrode versus stimulus duration, with duration color-coded as in c . e Distribution of Fano factor as a function of stimulation duration, for all responsive electrodes. A value of 1 corresponds to the Poisson distribution, and values below 1 indicate an increase in information content (c, d, e: n = 488 electrodes from six retinas expressing ChR-tdT).