Fig. 3: Defects in trehalose metabolism reduce developmental homeostasis and fitness.
a, b Inter-individual variation (IIV) (a) and fluctuating asymmetry (FA) (b) in wing size for each genotype and for each sex. The upper graphs indicate the variance of wing sizes (a) and size-corrected FA (b). The lower dot plots indicate the distributions of relative wing sizes normalized against the average size among individuals (a) and the distribution of wing size variations within each individual (b). L, left-wing size; R, right-wing size. GR indicates Tps1 genomic rescue construct. c Merged images of left (red) and right (blue) wings from control, Tps1, and Treh mutant males. d Tps1MIC mutant males show lower reproductive success rates compared with control males, as revealed by a mating competition assay. Paternal genotypes were checked in F1 males that derived from a female crossed with two males. CS, Canton S; OR, Oregon R. e Percentage of vials with progenies and the average number of progenies. More than half of the Tps1MIC mutant males are fertile and produce a normal number of progenies. −/−, Tps1MIC mutants; +/+, control w−. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; F-test with Bonferroni correction (a, b), Fisher’s exact test, Mann–Whitney U test (e). The numbers of flies analyzed are indicated.
