Fig. 1: Hierarchical organization of anatomical networks in extinct and extant theropod dinosaurs. | Communications Biology

Fig. 1: Hierarchical organization of anatomical networks in extinct and extant theropod dinosaurs.

From: Birds have peramorphic skulls, too: anatomical network analyses reveal oppositional heterochronies in avian skull evolution

Fig. 1

a UPGMA cluster of anatomical network and skull modularity of an adult Tyrannosaurus rex (skull reconstruction modified from Carr72) modified after Werneburg et al.11. b UPGMA cluster of anatomical network and skull modularity of an adult Gallus gallus (skull reconstruction modified from Jollie12) modified after Werneburg et al.11. c Ward.2D cluster of anatomical network, anatomical network and skull modularity of a juvenile Gallus gallus (skull reconstruction modified from Jollie12) from the recent study. Horizontal dashed lines mark the partition into Q-modules, while circles at nodes mark the statistical significance of S-modules (white, p-value < 0.05; grey, p-value < 0.01; black, p-value < 0.001). All silhouettes are from http://www.phylopic.org/.

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