Fig. 1: Aging- and stress-induced ROS accumulation in the hippocampus was regulated by NADPH oxidase.
From: Aging increases vulnerability to stress-induced depression via upregulation of NADPH oxidase in mice
a Serum corticosterone levels after 2-h restraint or control of mice at 2 months and 18 months of age (n = 15 for 2 M CON, 13 for 2M 2hRST, 14 for 18M CON, and 15 for 18M 2hRST groups; Two-way ANOVA, age, F(1,53)=0.6871, p = 0.4109; stress, F(1,53)=102.6, p < 0.0001; age x stress, F(1,53)=12.23, p = 0.001). b Adrenal gland weights (n = 23 for 2M and 20 for 18M mouse groups). c Relationship between adrenal gland weights and serum corticosterone levels. d, e Transcript levels of AVP and CRH in the PVN (n = 8, each). f Transcript levels of NADPH oxidase subunits in the hippocampus (n = 6, each). g Transcript levels of p47phox in the hippocampus (n = 6, each; One-way ANOVA, F(3,20)=24.85, p < 0.0001). h, i DHE-stained hippocampus of mice at the indicated age. Quantification levels (n = 8 mice/group; One-way ANOVA, F(3,28)=39.1, p < 0.0001). j GR transcript level in the hippocampus (n = 6, each). k, l DHE-stained hippocampus of wild-type and p47phox KO mice. Quantification levels (n = 8 mice/group; CA1, Two-way ANOVA, age, F(1,28)=23.92, p < 0.0001; genotype, F(1,28)=5.744, p = 0.0235; age x genotype, F(1,28)=5.192, p = 0.0305; CA3, Two-way ANOVA, age, F(1,28)=18.31, p = 0.0002; genotype, F(1,28)=10.44, p = 0.0031; age x genotype, F(1,28)=10.31, p = 0.0031). m, n gp91phox and p40phox expression levels (gp91phox, n = 8, each; Two-way ANOVA, age, F(1,28)=20.42, p = 0.0001; genotype, F(1,28)=0.5004, p = 0.4852; age x genotype, F(1,28)=0.9644, p = 0.3345; p40phox, n = 6, each; Two-way ANOVA, age, F(1,20)=16.26, p = 0.0007; genotype, F(1,20)=6.036, p = 0.0233); age x genotype, F(1,20)=2.462, p = 0.1323). o Experimental designs. p NADPH oxidase subunit expression levels (n = 6, each). q MDA levels in the hippocampus of the indicated groups (n = 3, each; One-way ANOVA, F(3,8)=31.2, p < 0.0001). r, s DHE-reactive ROS levels in the hippocampus. Quantification levels (n = 8 mice/group; Two-way ANOVA, genotype, F(1,28)=6.016, p = 0.0207; stress, F(1,28)=5.581, p = 0.0253; genotype x stress, F(1,28)=9.85, p = 0.004). t MDA levels in the hippocampus of p47phox KO mice and wild-type mice after treatment with RST14d (n = 4, each for wild-type, n = 6, each for KO mice; Two-way ANOVA, genotype, F(1,16)=8.747, p = 0.0093; stress, F(1,16)=11.54, p = 0.0037; genotype x stress, F(1,16)=8.53, p = 0.01). Scale bars, 400 µm. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01. One-way ANOVA followed by a Newman–Keuls post hoc test and two-way ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni post hoc test.
