Fig. 2: UpSet charts displaying counts and uniqueness of orthologous gene families experiencing expansion or positive selection by social complexity.

Dots and lines in bottom right indicate unique or shared membership of orthogroups among social groups; vertical columns indicate total orthogroup counts for those categories. Colored lateral columns indicate total counts of orthogroups by sociality from solitary (orange) through advanced eusocial (dark blue); simple (green), complex (purple), and all social forms (gray) are also specified. a Counts and uniqueness of orthologous gene families experiencing significant expansion (p < 0.05) both increase dramatically with derivations in social complexity. b Similarly, counts and uniqueness of orthogroups under significant positive selection (dN/dS > 0; p < 0.05) increase with derivations in social complexity.